Linux中ADSL通过6to4自动穿隧连入IPv6

July 6th, 2009

　　前两天捣鼓了一个USB ADSL在VMWare虚拟机中Linux系统中的安装配置和拨号方法。目前青岛网通这里，如果是在Windows环境下，拨号后能够自动获取6to4自动穿隧方式的2002开头的IPv6地址，Linux下的获取需要手动配置一下，并不是很复杂。

　　如果是Windows系统，那么通过ipconfig可以得到类似如下的信息。

C:\Documents and Settings\Administrator&gt;ipconfig
Windows IP Configuration
 
PPP adapter AccessRunner DSL:
   Connection-specific DNS Suffix  . :
   IP Address. . . . . . . . . . . . : 123.235.169.32
   Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.255
   Default Gateway . . . . . . . . . : 123.235.169.32
 
Tunnel adapter 6to4 Tunneling Pseudo-Interface:
   Connection-specific DNS Suffix  . :
   IP Address. . . . . . . . . . . . : 2002:7beb:a920::7beb:a920
   Default Gateway . . . . . . . . . : 2002:c058:6301::c058:6301

　　其中IPv6地址中的7beb:a920正好对应动态IPv4的地址123.235.169.32，而IPv6网关地址中的c058:6301对应的是不变的192.88.99.1，这个192.88.99.1是一个特定的6to4中用于任意点传送的中继路由地址。需要做的就是记好这几个地址的规律。

　　然后换到Linux中，配置好ADSL，拨号后连入IPv4网，ifconfig查询到新获得的动态IPv4地址，然后按照上面的规律自行将其转换到6to4方式下2002开头的IPv6地址。例如现在得到的是124.135.17.179，对应的6to4地址为2002:7c87:11b3::7c87:11b3。下面将手动添加6to4隧道和中继路由。

[root@leon ~]# ip tunnel add 6to4 mode sit remote any local 124.135.17.179
[root@leon ~]# ip link set dev 6to4 up
[root@leon ~]# ip addr add 2002:7c87:11b3::7c87:11b3/16 dev 6to4
[root@leon ~]# ip -6 route add ::/0 via ::192.88.99.1 dev 6to4 metric 1026

　　添加完后通过ifconfig可以看到新多出的网卡6to4，同时ping6一下ipv6.google.com已经可以正常的显示结果。

[root@leon ~]# ifconfig
6to4      Link encap:IPv6-in-IPv4
          inet6 addr: 2002:7c87:11b3::7c87:11b3/16 Scope:Global
          inet6 addr: ::124.135.17.179/128 Scope:Compat
          UP RUNNING NOARP  MTU:1480  Metric:1
          RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
          RX bytes:0 (0.0 b)  TX bytes:0 (0.0 b)
 
lo        Link encap:Local Loopback
          inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0
          inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
          UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:16436  Metric:1
          RX packets:8 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:8 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
          RX bytes:560 (560.0 b)  TX bytes:560 (560.0 b)
 
nas0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:08:5C:14:C0:FB
          inet6 addr: fe80::208:5cff:fe14:c0fb/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:275 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:281 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
          RX bytes:23972 (23.4 KiB)  TX bytes:19561 (19.1 KiB)
 
ppp0      Link encap:Point-to-Point Protocol
          inet addr:124.135.17.179  P-t-P:124.135.17.1  Mask:255.255.255.255
          UP POINTOPOINT RUNNING NOARP MULTICAST  MTU:1492  Metric:1
          RX packets:236 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:236 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:3
          RX bytes:20202 (19.7 KiB)  TX bytes:9883 (9.6 KiB)

[root@leon ~]# ping6 -c 4 ipv6.google.com
PING ipv6.google.com(tx-in-x68.google.com) 56 data bytes
64 bytes from tx-in-x68.google.com: icmp_seq=1 ttl=58 time=384 ms
64 bytes from tx-in-x68.google.com: icmp_seq=2 ttl=58 time=385 ms
64 bytes from tx-in-x68.google.com: icmp_seq=3 ttl=58 time=387 ms
64 bytes from tx-in-x68.google.com: icmp_seq=4 ttl=58 time=390 ms
 
--- ipv6.google.com ping statistics ---
4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 3396ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 384.629/386.821/390.147/2.146 ms

　　总结配置过程，首先观察windows下6to4方式IPv4地址与IPv6地址的对应关系及其中继路由地址，然后在Linux中添加隧道，设置6to4网卡，添加IPv6地址和中继路由，最后测试成功。

　　延伸阅读：http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/6to4，http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPv6

Posted on Monday, July 6th, 2009 at 10:24 pm
Tags:6to4, ADSL, IPv6, Linux, Tunnel
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2 Responses to “Linux中ADSL通过6to4自动穿隧连入IPv6”

ustor says:

August 17, 2009 at 10:57 pm

包子研究生是什么方向啊
Leon says:

August 18, 2009 at 3:36 pm

基本做不了底层了，大概是一些终端应用层的东西

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